襪機歸類襪機可按針床方式、織針種類和針管(床)數來歸類。平襪機機身號較高，生產制造依據腳、腿樣子更改各處段總寬的平幅襪片，經手術縫合后出有縫襪。圓襪機的機身號范疇范圍廣，生產制造管形襪坯是靠更改各處段的電磁線圈尺寸，或選用彈性棉紗，或手工編織成型襪頭、襪跟等方式 來融入腳形的。管形襪坯的襪頭封閉式后成無縫拼接襪。平襪機生產率較低，現階段普遍應用圓襪機。襪機構造圓襪機關鍵由給紗組織、手工編織組織、選針組織、操縱組織、傳動機構、相對密度調整組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)和伸(shen)展組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)構成。一(yi)些襪(wa)機也有起口(kou)和折口(kou)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)。平(ping)襪(wa)機還有移圈組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)。

給紗組織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)功效是把(ba)棉(mian)紗從朋(peng)友(you)上(shang)引出來送進手工(gong)編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)區，有消(xiao)沉(chen)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和積極(ji)主動(dong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)兩大類。消(xiao)沉(chen)式(shi)(shi)(shi)給紗是借支(zhi)撐力(li)(li)使棉(mian)紗由朋(peng)友(you)上(shang)引出來，雖然(ran)有張力(li)(li)器和支(zhi)撐力(li)(li)賠(pei)償(chang)設備操縱其支(zhi)撐力(li)(li)和送出去量，但棉(mian)紗支(zhi)撐力(li)(li)差別依然(ran)很大。積極(ji)主動(dong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)給紗則借專(zhuan)業設備，使棉(mian)紗以穩定的(de)角(jiao)速(su)度送進手工(gong)編(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)區，棉(mian)紗支(zhi)撐力(li)(li)差別較小。

手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)組織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)功(gong)效是把棉紗(sha)根(gen)(gen)據成圈(quan)(quan)零件(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，織(zhi)(zhi)成管形襪(wa)(wa)坯或平幅(fu)襪(wa)(wa)片(pian)(pian)。圓襪(wa)(wa)機的(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)機械件(jian)有織(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、地基沉降(jiang)片(pian)(pian)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)紗(sha)器(qi)和(he)(he)三角等(deng)。平襪(wa)(wa)機則有織(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、彎(wan)紗(sha)片(pian)(pian)、分紗(sha)片(pian)(pian)、脫(tuo)圈(quan)(quan)片(pian)(pian)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)紗(sha)器(qi)和(he)(he)壓片(pian)(pian)糖果(guo)等(deng)。圓襪(wa)(wa)機的(de)(de)織(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)配備在(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)管上,導(dao)(dao)(dao)紗(sha)器(qi)固定不動(dong)在(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)管周邊,把棉紗(sha)送(song)進手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)區。有幾個三相五(wu)線就稱之為幾路(lu)，一般有1～12路(lu),路(lu)數愈多(duo)生產效率愈高。針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)管旋(xuan)轉時舌針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)受(shou)三角的(de)(de)功(gong)效而上、下健身運動(dong)，并由導(dao)(dao)(dao)紗(sha)器(qi)墊紗(sha)開展(zhan)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)。在(zai)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)襪(wa)(wa)跟、襪(wa)(wa)頭時，由挑針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)和(he)(he)撳針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)對報名參加手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)織(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)開展(zhan)收針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和(he)(he)放針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，使之產生袋(dai)形。平襪(wa)(wa)機的(de)(de)織(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)整列固裝在(zai)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)床(chuang)邊，隨(sui)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)床(chuang)一起健身運動(dong)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)紗(sha)器(qi)沿針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)床(chuang)挪動(dong)開展(zhan)墊紗(sha),另外根(gen)(gen)據彎(wan)紗(sha)片(pian)(pian)、分紗(sha)片(pian)(pian)和(he)(he)脫(tuo)圈(quan)(quan)片(pian)(pian)等(deng)的(de)(de)相互配合開展(zhan)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)編(bian)(bian)織(zhi)(zhi)。

操(cao)縱(zong)(zong)組織(zhi)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)一(yi)只棉襪的(de)全(quan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)操(cao)縱(zong)(zong)相關零件(jian)進(jin)到(dao)或撤出(chu)工(gong)作中(zhong)(zhong)，并操(cao)縱(zong)(zong)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)管(guan)和(he)轉速比與轉為(wei)及其棉襪的(de)長度等。傳動機(ji)構的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)使(shi)各組織(zhi)按(an)預訂規律性健身運動。圓襪機(ji)的(de)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)管(guan)不但作單邊旋轉，并且在(zai)手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)襪跟、襪頭時要作雙(shuang)重旋轉。選(xuan)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)組織(zhi)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)把事先設計(ji)方案好(hao)的(de)紋(wen)路，依照規定先后排序(xu)在(zai)選(xuan)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)設備(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)，根據(ju)傳送零件(jian)，使(shi)織(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)按(an)程序(xu)流程開展手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)。相對密(mi)度調整(zheng)組織(zhi)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)棉襪時調整(zheng)各處段(duan)的(de)相對密(mi)度，它是(shi)(shi)根據(ju)更改織(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和(he)地(di)(di)基(ji)沉降片的(de)相對位置調整(zheng)彎紗深層來開展的(de)。伸展組織(zhi)的(de)功(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)全(quan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)依靠重錘(chui)式、羅(luo)拉、氣旋等把已產生的(de)電磁線(xian)圈(quan)從(cong)手(shou)工(gong)編(bian)(bian)(bian)織(zhi)地(di)(di)區中(zhong)(zhong)引出(chu)來。